Synergistic combination of violacein and azoles that leads to enhanced killing of major human pathogenic dermatophytic fungi Trichophyton rubrum

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
S AnjuB S Dileep Kumar

Abstract

Superficial mycoses caused by dermatophytic fungi such as Trichophyton rubrum represent the most common type of worldwide human infection affecting various keratinized tissues in our body such as the skin, hair, and nails, etc. The dermatophytic infection is a significant public health threat due to its persistent nature and high recurrence rates, and thus alternative treatments to cure this fungal infection are urgently required. The present study mainly focused on the synergistic activity of violacein with four azole drugs (ketoconazole, fluconazole, clotrimazole, and itraconazole) against T. rubrum. The synergistic antifungal activities of violacein and azoles were measured by checkerboard microdilution and time-kill assays. In our study, combinations of violacein and azoles predominantly recorded synergistic effect (FIC index < 0.5). Significant synergistic value was recorded by the combination of violacein and clotrimazole. Time-kill assay by the combination of MIC concentration of violacein and azoles recorded that the growth of the T. rubrum was significantly arrested after 4-12 h of treatment. The combination of violacein and azoles leads to the enhanced inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination. Moreover c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 2, 2018·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Bora ShinWoojun Park
Oct 7, 2017·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Thalita GaginiSonia Rozental
Sep 26, 2017·Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine·Vijay KothariDivya Padia
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Jul 18, 2017·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Hamed Haddad KashaniRezvan Moniri
Sep 28, 2017·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Andressa H M BatistaNádia A P Nogueira

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