Synergistic in vitro activity between aztreonam and amoxicillin-clavulanate against Enterobacteriaceae-producing class B and/or class D carbapenemases with or without extended-spectrum β-lactamases

Journal of Medical Microbiology
Pauline RactIsabelle Podglajen

Abstract

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae have become a major public health concern over the last decade and treatment options are limited. We evaluated the synergistic activity of the combination of aztreonam (ATM) and clavulanate for 41 β-lactam-resistant clinical isolates harbouring class B or/and class D carbapenemases combined or not with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). The MICs of ATM, with and without amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC), were determined. Time-kill assays were performed for three representative strains. The ATM-AMC combination had a synergistic effect on 34/41 (83 %) isolates. The MIC of ATM, in the presence of clavulanate, was ≤1 mg l-1 for 15/41 (37 %) isolates and ≤4 mg l-1 for 29/41 (71 %) isolates. Synergistic activity was observed for 34/37 (92 %) isolates producing ESBLs and carbapenemases, compared to 0/4 (0 %) for ESBL-negative strains. Complete or partial bactericidal activity was obtained when the MIC of the combination was 0.5 mg l-1 and 1.5 mg l-1 or 8 mg l-1, respectively. The combination of ATM and AMC could be an attractive unconventional treatment for infections due to carbapenemase- and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

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Citations

Jun 26, 2021·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Kathleen Tompkins, David van Duin

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