Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: review and update

Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease
Shuang LiuChen Li

Abstract

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a spectrum of heterogeneous diseases characterized by osteoarticular and dermatological manifestations. Osteitis and hyperostosis are core clinical manifestations in SAPHO syndrome, typically affecting multiple areas and possibly progressing to irreversible osteoarticular damage. Most patients with SAPHO have cutaneous involvement, mainly manifested as palmoplantar pustulosis and severe acne. Systemic manifestations are uncommon but occasionally reported. Epidemiological studies suggest the annual prevalence of SAPHO syndrome varies from 0.00144 in 100,000 in Japanese individuals to fewer than 1 in 10,000 in White individuals. The precise etiopathogenesis of SAPHO remains unclear, but it is generally considered an autoinflammatory syndrome that may be related to various etiologies, such as immune dysfunction, infection and genetic predisposition. Owing to the relapsing-remitting disease course, the goal of management is to improve clinical symptoms and prevent disease progression. Various treatments, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, bisphosphonates, biologics, and antibiotics, are promis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 30, 2020·Postgraduate Medicine·Jeffrey J CrowleyPaul S Yamauchi
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Celia L Gregson, Emma L Duncan
Mar 6, 2021·International Journal of Surgery Case Reports·H OhidaTh Bürger
May 6, 2021·Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease·Yanpan GaoWei Ge
Jan 29, 2022·Clinical and Experimental Dermatology·RuiYuan XiaZhiQiang Yin

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