Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids (SC), though not detected with routine urine toxicology screening, can cause severe metabolic derangements and widespread deleterious effects in multiple organ systems. The diversity of effects is related to the wide distribution of cannabinoid receptors in multiple organ systems. Both cannabinoid-receptor-mediated and non-receptor-mediated effects can result in severe cardiovascular, renal, and neurologic manifestations. We report the case of a 45-year-old African American male with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, subarachnoid hemorrhage, reversible cardiomyopathy, acute rhabdomyolysis, and severe metabolic derangement associated with the use of K2, an SC. Though each of these complications has been independently associated with SCs, the combination of these effects in a single patient has not been heretofore reported. This case demonstrates the range and severity of complications associated with the recreational use of SCs. Though now banned in the United States, use of systemic cannabinoids is still prevalent, especially among adolescents. Clinicians should be aware of their continued use and the potential for harm. To prevent delay in diagnosis, tests to screen for these substances should be made ...Continue Reading
References
Nov 26, 2002·Archiv der Pharmazie·Hussein El-SubbaghJochen Lehmann
May 9, 2007·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·Joseph Y S Ting
Jun 4, 2008·Archives of General Psychiatry·Murat YücelDan I Lubman
Jun 11, 2009·PloS One·Vanessa DeveauxSophie Lotersztajn
Nov 28, 2009·Cardiovascular Research·Partha MukhopadhyayPál Pacher
Apr 20, 2010·Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology·Zdenek Fisar
Nov 9, 2011·Pediatrics·Arshid MirColin Kane
Nov 30, 2011·Circulation·Manu KaushikSyed M Mohiuddin
Jan 25, 2012·Journal of Medical Toxicology : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology·Christopher D RosenbaumKavita M Babu
May 9, 2012·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Kathryn A SeelyLiana Fattore
Sep 14, 2012·Addiction·Maren Hermanns-ClausenVolker Auwärter
Dec 18, 2012·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Gautam Kantilal BhanushaliDenyse Thornley-Brown
Mar 23, 2013·Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses·Dante DurandDiana Nichols-Vinueza
Nov 2, 2013·The American Journal of Cardiology·Grace ThomasShereif Rezkalla
Nov 12, 2013·Neurology·Melissa J FreemanW Scott Burgin
May 30, 2014·Case Reports in Emergency Medicine·Anene UkaigweAnthony Donato
Jun 11, 2014·Neurology·Joseph W McSherry
Citations
Sep 4, 2015·Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives·Robert P Ferguson
Feb 23, 2017·Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira·Alper AlpSibel Ersan
Oct 25, 2017·JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants·Shaina A Freund, Adrian S Banning
Dec 31, 2017·BMC Nephrology·Kanaan MansoorZeid J Khitan
Jan 29, 2019·Drugs in R&D·Israel RubinsteinDouglas L Feinstein
Feb 28, 2019·Pharmacotherapy·Faith ArmstrongMojdeh S Heavner
Oct 5, 2019·Journal of Addictive Diseases·Murat YalçınBülent Kadri Gültekin
Dec 12, 2018·Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine·Aynur SahinSahin Kaplan
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Sabrina Rahman Archie, Luca Cucullo
Apr 7, 2020·Archives of Toxicology·Dino Luethi, Matthias E Liechti
Apr 23, 2017·Current Atherosclerosis Reports·Emilie JouanjusValérie Wolff
Jun 4, 2019·Frontiers in Chemistry·Lysbeth H AntonidesCraig McKenzie
Apr 4, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Andrew M BrandonCraig McKenzie
Apr 1, 2021·SAGE Open Medicine·Asim KichlooJagmeet Singh
Aug 29, 2021·Archives of Toxicology·Tanja M GampferMarkus R Meyer