Systematic Investigation of the Role of Surfactant Composition and Choice of oil: Design of a Nanoemulsion-Based Adjuvant Inducing Concomitant Humoral and CD4+ T-Cell Responses

Pharmaceutical Research
Signe Tandrup SchmidtCamilla Foged

Abstract

Induction of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses is crucial for vaccine-mediated protection against difficult vaccine targets, e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct). Adjuvants are included in subunit vaccines to potentiate immune responses, but many marketed adjuvants stimulate predominantly humoral immune responses. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need for new adjuvants, which potentiate humoral and CMI responses. The purpose was to design an oil-in-water nanoemulsion adjuvant containing a synthetic CMI-inducing mycobacterial monomycoloyl glycerol (MMG) analogue to concomitantly induce humoral and CMI responses. The influence of emulsion composition was analyzed using a systematic approach. Three factors were varied: i) saturation of the oil phase, ii) type and saturation of the applied surfactant mixture, and iii) surfactant mixture net charge. The emulsions were colloidally stable with a droplet diameter of 150-250 nm, and the zeta-potential correlated closely with the net charge of the surfactant mixture. Only cationic emulsions containing the unsaturated surfactant mixture induced concomitant humoral and CMI responses upon immunization of mice with a Ct antigen, and the responses were enhanced when squalene was applied as...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2019·ILAR Journal·Signe Tandrup SchmidtDennis Christensen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
dynamic light scattering
electrophoresis
rheology
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Flow Cytometry
ELISA
blood

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02787109

Software Mentioned

Zetasizer
FlowJo
Motic Images Plus
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad

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