Systematic Review of Plant Ribosome Heterogeneity and Specialization

Frontiers in Plant Science
Federico Martinez-SeidelJoachim Kopka

Abstract

Plants dedicate a high amount of energy and resources to the production of ribosomes. Historically, these multi-protein ribosome complexes have been considered static protein synthesis machines that are not subject to extensive regulation but only read mRNA and produce polypeptides accordingly. New and increasing evidence across various model organisms demonstrated the heterogeneous nature of ribosomes. This heterogeneity can constitute specialized ribosomes that regulate mRNA translation and control protein synthesis. A prominent example of ribosome heterogeneity is seen in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, which, due to genome duplications, has multiple paralogs of each ribosomal protein (RP) gene. We support the notion of plant evolution directing high RP paralog divergence toward functional heterogeneity, underpinned in part by a vast resource of ribosome mutants that suggest specialization extends beyond the pleiotropic effects of single structural RPs or RP paralogs. Thus, Arabidopsis is a highly suitable model to study this phenomenon. Arabidopsis enables reverse genetics approaches that could provide evidence of ribosome specialization. In this review, we critically assess evidence of plant ribosome specialization ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2021·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA·Karl NorrisJulie Louise Aspden
Jan 30, 2021·Scientific Reports·Bo Eng CheongJoachim Kopka
Jun 30, 2021·Current Opinion in Plant Biology·M Mar Castellano, Catharina Merchante
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Federico Martinez-SeidelAlexandre Augusto Pereira Firmino

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
RAP
RAPs
GTPases
electron microscopy
PCR
dissection
footprinting
RNA-seq
environmental stress

Software Mentioned

R package timeSeries
R package fitdistrplus
Tidyverse
reshape
BLAST
R
Genevestigator
circlize
R package preprocessCore
PyMOL

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