Systemic arterial dirofilariasis in five dogs

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
J R FrankR K Sellon

Abstract

Systemic arterial dirofilariasis is an unusual manifestation of heartworm disease of dogs that results from aberrant migration of Dirofilaria immitis into the peripheral arterial circulation. To expand the clinical characterization of systemic arterial dirofilariasis, 5 dogs evaluated at the North Carolina State University's College of Veterinary Medicine were reviewed. Common clinical presentations included hindlimb lameness, paresthesia of hindlimbs, and interdigital ischemic necrosis resulting from thromboembolic disease. Visualization of heartworms with angiography or ultrasonography confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. All 5 dogs were treated with an adulticide; 3 dogs were treated with thiacetasamide sodium and 2 with melarsomine dihydrochloride. Four of the 5 dogs survived the initial treatment period; 1 dog died of severe thromboembolic complications after thiacatarsamide sodium therapy. The treatment of systemic arterial dirofilariasis creates a therapeutic challenge because of multiple potential complications resulting from thromboembolic disease.

Citations

Nov 26, 2009·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice·Dwight D Bowman, Clarke E Atkins
Feb 6, 2008·Veterinary Parasitology·Steven Hodges, Mark Rishniw
Nov 15, 2016·Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·Kathleen Ann BonawandtJoseph D Stefanacci
Feb 21, 2018·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Maureen S OldachJoshua A Stern
Nov 25, 2003·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Bianca F HettlichClaudia L Barton

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