[Systemic clonidine versus opioids in postoperative analgesia-A randomized double-blind study.].
Abstract
alpha(2)-Adrenozeptoragonisten agonists have shown antinociceptive and analgesic effects, which are not antagonized by naloxone. Therefore, the mechanism of action should be independent of opioid receptors. Most studies on this topic have been performed using clonidine. Experimentally the analgesic effect of clonidine can be suppressed by the inhibition of central adrenergic receptors. Furthermore, clonidine has analgesic effects at the spinal level. During recent years numerous studies have shown the analgesic effect of spinally or epidurally administered clonidine in humans. However, only very few studies have investigated the analgesic effect of parenterally administered clonidine in humans. After the approval of the local ethical committee had been obtained, 60 patients (ASA I-III, age 18-65 years) scheduled for elective orthopaedic procedures were included in this double-blind randomized study. All patients gave their written consent on the day before the operation. Premedication was standardized and involved benzodiazepines. Isoflurane was used as the sole anaesthetic. Postoperatively the pain level of the patients was controlled by a visual analogue scale (VAS 0-10). When the VAS reached at least 5 and the patients reque...Continue Reading
References
The actions of some alpha-adrenoreceptor agonists and antagonists in an antinociceptive test in mice
Low-dose clonidine enhances pregnancy-induced analgesia to visceral but not somatic stimuli in rats.
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