T Cell Activation Pathways: B7, LFA-3, and ICAM-1 Shape Unique T Cell Profiles

Critical Reviews in Immunology
Anette Gjorloff WingrenMikael Dohlsten

Abstract

Two signals are required for induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production in resting T cells. Occupancy of the T cell receptor by antigen/MHC complexes delivers the first signal to the T cell, while the second signal is provided by interaction with costimulatory ligands on APC. CD2, LFA-1, and CD28 are the major costimulatory and adhesive molecules on T cells and bind to the LFA-3, ICAM-1 and B7 ligands, respectively, on APC. LFA-3 plays a central role for naive and memory T helper cells during the early phase of an immune response. The LFA-3/CD2 pathway initiates strong antigen-independent cell adhesion, substantial expansion of naive T helper cells, and induction of large amounts of IFN-γ in memory cells. The release of IFN-γ may upregulate expression of ICAM-1 and B7 on APC and allows multiple adhesion pathways to amplify the immune response. The LFA- 1/ICAM-l pathway stimulates adhesion and cell proliferation more efficiently in memory T helper cells than in naive cells. Further, the results suggest that naive T helper cells express functionally inactive LFA-1 molecules on the cell surface, which may have a physiological role in keeping these cells in a resting state. B7 costimulation superinduces IL-2 production...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 28, 2019·Cells·Edith Hintermann, Urs Christen
Jan 19, 2020·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Anuradha RajamanickamSubash Babu
Feb 26, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Monika BednarczykMatthias Bros
Feb 20, 2021·Tumour Virus Research·Peter L Stern
Jul 17, 2021·Trends in Immunology·Audrey GérardRobert Köchl

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