T cell costimulation in the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy: potential targets for therapeutic interventions

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Mitsuaki IsobeJun-ichi Suzuki

Abstract

Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a form of coronary arterial stenosis and a leading cause of death in patients who survive beyond the first year after heart transplantation. Histopathologically, this lesion is concentric diffuse intimal hyperplasia of the arterial wall that is accompanied by extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells, including T cells. Many studies have explored the potential risk factors related to this arterial lesion and its pathogenesis. Continuous minor endothelial cell damage evokes inflammatory processes including T cell activation. Costimulatory molecules play crucial roles in this T cell activation. Many costimulatory pathways have been described, and some are involved in the pathogenesis of CAV, atherogenesis, and subsequent plaque formation. In this review, we summarize the present knowledge of the role of these pathways in CAV development and the possibility of manipulating these pathways as a means to treat heart allograft vascular disease and atherosclerosis.

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Citations

May 31, 2008·Cardiovascular Research·Thomas H W StadlbauerMarkus Hecker
Apr 25, 2007·Transplantation·Jun-ichi SuzukiMitsuaki Isobe
Mar 25, 2008·International Heart Journal·Hitoshi SaikiToshimitsu Uede
Mar 7, 2009·Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs·Kiran K Khush, Hannah A Valantine
Sep 27, 2008·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Andreas Schober
Oct 12, 2010·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Shaolin HeDazhu Li
Apr 23, 2008·Circulation·Daniel Schmauss, Michael Weis
Dec 12, 2018·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Mohammad Afzal Khan, Talal Shamma
Jan 30, 2013·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Wan-Tseng HsuChii-Ming Lee
Dec 17, 2009·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Jun-ichi SuzukiRyozo Nagai

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