PMID: 11908816Mar 23, 2002Paper

T-cell reactions to drugs in distinct clinical manifestations of drug allergy

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
C B NeukommW J Pichler

Abstract

Recent data indicate that T cells play a major role in different forms of drug allergies. To show that T-cell reactions are involved in various forms of adverse reactions to different kinds of drugs, and that lymphocyte transformation and skin tests may be positive in patients who had distinct clinical manifestations of drug allergies. We collected data of 44 patients with a highly suggestive history for adverse drug reaction who had on subsequent investigations a positive lymphocyte transforrmation test. In 41/44 patients (93%) skin tests with the suspected drugs were performed and in some cases drug-specific IgE-antibodies were determined. All patients were HLA typed. Clinical manifestations of the drug allergy were heterogeneous, comprising maculopapular and bullous exanthema, erythema exsudativum multiforme, vasculitis, serum sickness, urticaria, as well as involvement of internal organs. Maculopapular exanthemas formed the largest group (54%), followed by reactions more indicative of immediate hypersensitivity (28%), such as urticaria/angioedema. In most cases (63%), beta-lactam antibiotics were found to have caused the allergic reaction. Skin tests for immediate reactions were positive in 6/40 patients (15%) tested, those...Continue Reading

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