T Follicular Regulatory Cells and Antibody Responses in Transplantation

Transplantation
Elizabeth F Wallin

Abstract

De novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) formation is a major problem in transplantation, and associated with long-term graft decline and loss as well as sensitization, limiting future transplant options. Forming high-affinity, long-lived antibody responses involves a process called the germinal center (GC) reaction, and requires interaction between several cell types, including GC B cells, T follicular helper (Tfh) and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells. T follicular regulatory cells are an essential component of the GC reaction, limiting its size and reducing nonspecific or self-reactive responses.An imbalance between helper function and regulatory function can lead to excessive antibody production. High proportions of Tfh cells have been associated with DSA formation in transplantation; therefore, Tfr cells are likely to play an important role in limiting DSA production. Understanding the signals that govern Tfr cell development and the balance between helper and regulatory function within the GC is key to understanding how these cells might be manipulated to reduce the risk of DSA development.This review discusses the development and function of Tfr cells and their relevance to transplantation. In particular how current and f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 14, 2019·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Qian NiuCarla C Baan
Jul 23, 2019·Transplantation Reviews·R Laguna-GoyaE Paz-Artal
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Min Young Kim, Daniel C Brennan
Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Theinmozhi ArulrajMichael Meyer-Hermann
Apr 29, 2021·Transplantation·Kevin LouisDiana Metes
Dec 28, 2021·Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis·Ji-Wen FanYi Li

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