Target Therapies for Uterine Carcinosarcomas: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Salvatore Giovanni VitaleDiego Rossetti

Abstract

Carcinosarcomas (CS) in gynecology are very infrequent and represent only 2-5% of uterine cancers. Despite surgical cytoreduction and subsequent chemotherapy being the primary treatment for uterine CS, the overall five-year survival rate is 30 ± 9% and recurrence is extremely common (50-80%). Due to the poor prognosis of CS, new strategies have been developed in the last few decades, targeting known dysfunctional molecular pathways for immunotherapy. In this paper, we aimed to gather the available evidence on the latest therapies for the treatment of CS. We performed a systematic review using the terms "uterine carcinosarcoma", "uterine Malignant Mixed Müllerian Tumors", "target therapies", "angiogenesis therapy", "cancer stem cell therapy", "prognostic biomarker", and "novel antibody-drug". Based on our results, the differential expression and accessibility of epithelial cell adhesion molecule-1 on metastatic/chemotherapy-resistant CS cells in comparison to normal tissues and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) open up new possibilities in the field of target therapy. Nevertheless, future investigations are needed to clarify the impact of these new therapies on survival rate and medium-/long-term outcomes.

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Citations

Jan 11, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Seyed Muhammad Yahyazadeh MashhadiAmirhosein Sahebkar
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May 15, 2021·Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology·Giuseppe LoverroEdoardo Dinaro

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies
transgenic
xenografts
xenograft
flow cytometry

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT00567190
NCT01684878

Software Mentioned

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