Targeted gene knockouts reveal overlapping functions of the five Physcomitrella patens FtsZ isoforms in chloroplast division, chloroplast shaping, cell patterning, plant development, and gravity sensing.

Molecular Plant
Anja MartinRalf Reski

Abstract

Chloroplasts and bacterial cells divide by binary fission. The key protein in this constriction division is FtsZ, a self-assembling GTPase similar to eukaryotic tubulin. In prokaryotes, FtsZ is almost always encoded by a single gene, whereas plants harbor several nuclear-encoded FtsZ homologs. In seed plants, these proteins group in two families and all are exclusively imported into plastids. In contrast, the basal land plant Physcomitrella patens, a moss, encodes a third FtsZ family with one member. This protein is dually targeted to the plastids and to the cytosol. Here, we report on the targeted gene disruption of all ftsZ genes in P. patens. Subsequent analysis of single and double knockout mutants revealed a complex interaction of the different FtsZ isoforms not only in plastid division, but also in chloroplast shaping, cell patterning, plant development, and gravity sensing. These results support the concept of a plastoskeleton and its functional integration into the cytoskeleton, at least in the moss P. patens.

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Citations

Aug 21, 2013·Photosynthesis Research·Radek Kaňa
Feb 19, 2011·Plant Physiology·Maureen R Hanson, Amirali Sattarzadeh
Jan 30, 2014·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Katherine W Osteryoung, Kevin A Pyke
Apr 19, 2011·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·Emi SakaguchiHiroyoshi Takano
May 15, 2013·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Diego BreviarioLaura Morello
Jul 29, 2015·Protoplasma·Yaroslav S KolesnikovVolodymyr S Kravets
Mar 5, 2017·Protoplasma·Christopher Grosche, Stefan A Rensing
Sep 13, 2017·Journal of Cell Science·Jan de Vries, Sven B Gould
Dec 18, 2016·Plant & Cell Physiology·Toshihisa NomuraHitoshi Sakakibara
Aug 14, 2020·The New Phytologist·Eftychios FrangedakisPéter Szövényi
Oct 27, 2020·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Pouyan AsgharzadehOliver Röhrle

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
gene knockout
Transgenic
PCR
phosphotransferase

Software Mentioned

LSM
R
SigmaPlot
R Development Core

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