Targeting Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 and Translocator Protein for Characterization of High-Risk Plaque in Carotid Stenosis Ex Vivo

Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
Gerrit M GrosseKarin Weissenborn

Abstract

Background and Purpose- This pilot study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of targeting molecular characteristics of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque in symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis (CS), that is, upregulation of the translocator protein (TSPO) and the chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), by means of molecular imaging. Methods- In a translational setting, specimens of carotid plaques of patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic CS obtained by carotid endarterectomy were analyzed for the presence of TSPO and CXCR4 by autoradiography, using the positron emission tomography tracers 18F-GE180 and 68Ga-Pentixafor and evaluated by histopathology. In addition, 68Ga-Pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed in a patient with high-grade CS. Results- Distinct patterns of upregulation of TSPO (18F-GE180 uptake) and CXCR4 (68Ga-Pentixafor uptake) were identified in carotid plaque by autoradiography. The spatial distribution was associated with specific histological hallmarks that are established features of high-risk plaque: TSPO upregulation correlated with activated macrophages infiltration, whereas CXCR4 upregulation also corresponded to areas of intraplaque hemorrhage. 68Ga-Pentixafor u...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 13, 2020·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Gerrit M GrosseKarin Weissenborn
Dec 16, 2020·Scientific Reports·Ricarda D StaussClaudia Schrimpf
Oct 28, 2019·Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine·Malte KircherXiang Li

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