Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy as therapeutic approaches for neurological diseases

International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
Annadurai ThangarajShilpa Buch

Abstract

Neurological diseases are multifactorial, devastating diseases that are causative for various neurodegenerative disorders. Emerging evidence points that accumulation of unfolded, misfolded, insoluble, and damaged proteins inside the CNS cells such as microglia, astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells, leads to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and dysregulated autophagy, which, in turn, sets the stage for ensuing neuropathogenesis. Studies have also demonstrated that chronic ER stress/unfolded protein response (UPR) activates autophagy, and conversely, that blockade of autophagy aggravates ER stress with ensuing cell death, in turn, leading to the development and progression of neurodegeneration. ER stress and autophagy signaling pathways are thus of particular interest as target(s) for pharmacological intervention for the development of therapeutic strategies for various neurological diseases. Herein, we summarized the current knowledge of chronic ER stress/UPR and autophagy signaling pathways and their regulation in CNS cells such as microglia, astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes, pericytes, and endothelial cells. We also reviewed various neurological diseases wherein ER stress/UPR, and autop...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Fang LuoXin Wang
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Shuwen DengWei Lu
Sep 13, 2020·Journal of Neurovirology·Xue ChenYulin Zhang
Aug 31, 2021·The EMBO Journal·Daniel J KlionskyFederico Pietrocola

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autophagy & Disease

Autophagy is an important cellular process for normal physiology and both elevated and decreased levels of autophagy are associated with disease. Here is the latest research.

Astrocytes & Neurodegeneration

Astrocytes are important for the health and function of the central nervous system. When these cells stop functioning properly, either through gain of function or loss of homeostatic controls, neurodegenerative diseases can occur. Here is the latest research on astrocytes and neurodegeneration.

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Autophagy & Model Organisms

Autophagy is a cellular process that allows degradation by the lysosome of cytoplasmic components such as proteins or organelles. Here is the latest research on autophagy & model organisms

Astrocytes

Astrocytes are glial cells that support the blood-brain barrier, facilitate neurotransmission, provide nutrients to neurons, and help repair damaged nervous tissues. Here is the latest research.