Targeting Glutaminolysis: New Perspectives to Understand Cancer Development and Novel Strategies for Potential Target Therapies

Frontiers in Oncology
Zhefang WangYue Zhao

Abstract

Metabolism rewiring is an important hallmark of cancers. Being one of the most abundant free amino acids in the human blood, glutamine supports bioenergetics and biosynthesis, tumor growth, and the production of antioxidants through glutaminolysis in cancers. In glutamine dependent cancer cells, more than half of the tricarboxylic/critic acid (TCA) metabolites are derived from glutamine. Glutaminolysis controls the process of converting glutamine into TCA cycle metabolites through the regulation of multiple enzymes, among which the glutaminase shows the importance as the very first step in this process. Targeting glutaminolysis via glutaminase inhibition emerges as a promising strategy to disrupt cancer metabolism and tumor progression. Here, we review the regulation of glutaminase and the role of glutaminase in cancer metabolism and metastasis. Furthermore, we highlight the glutaminase inhibitor based metabolic therapy strategy and their potential applications in clinical scenarios.

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Citations

Aug 5, 2021·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Gerhard Hamilton, Adelina Plangger
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ludovica Di MartinoErich Piovan

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
acetylation
xenograft

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT04471415
NCT03428217
NCT02861300

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