Targeting kidney inflammation as a new therapy for primary hyperoxaluria?

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Cristina Martin-HiguerasChristian Kurts

Abstract

The primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) are inborn errors of glyoxylate metabolism characterized by endogenous oxalate overproduction in the liver, and thus elevated urinary oxalate excretion. The urinary calcium-oxalate (CaOx) supersaturation and the continuous renal accumulation of insoluble CaOx crystals yield a progressive decline in renal function that often ends with renal failure. In PH Type 1 (AGXT mutated), the most frequent and severe condition, patients typically progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD); in PH Type 2 (GRHPR mutated), 20% of patients develop ESRD, while only one patient with PH Type 3 (HOGA1 mutated) has been reported with ESRD so far. Patients with ESRD undergo frequent maintenance (haemo)dialysis treatment, and finally must receive a combined liver-kidney transplantation as the only curative treatment option available in PH Type 1. In experimental models using oxalate-enriched chow, CaOx crystals were bound to renal tubular cells, promoting a pro-inflammatory environment that led to fibrogenesis in the renal parenchyma by activation of a NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NALP3)-dependent inflammasome in renal dendritic cells and macrophages. Chronic fibrogenesis progressively impaired rena...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 25, 2019·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets·Sunil Joshi, Saeed R Khan
Jan 31, 2021·Journal of Personalized Medicine·Maria Dolores Moya-GarzonMonica Diaz-Gavilan
Nov 7, 2020·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Ruth Belostotsky, Yaacov Frishberg

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