Targeting N-glycan cryptic sugar moieties for broad-spectrum virus neutralization: progress in identifying conserved molecular targets in viruses of distinct phylogenetic origins

Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
Denong WangLai-Xi Wang

Abstract

Identifying molecular targets for eliciting broadly virus-neutralizing antibodies is one of the key steps toward development of vaccines against emerging viral pathogens. Owing to genomic and somatic diversities among viral species, identifying protein targets for broad-spectrum virus neutralization is highly challenging even for the same virus, such as HIV-1. However, viruses rely on host glycosylation machineries to synthesize and express glycans and, thereby, may display common carbohydrate moieties. Thus, exploring glycan-binding profiles of broad-spectrum virus-neutralizing agents may provide key information to uncover the carbohydrate-based virus-neutralizing epitopes. In this study, we characterized two broadly HIV-neutralizing agents, human monoclonal antibody 2G12 and Galanthus nivalis lectin (GNA), for their viral targeting activities. Although these agents were known to be specific for oligomannosyl antigens, they differ strikingly in virus-binding activities. The former is HIV-1 specific; the latter is broadly reactive and is able to neutralize viruses of distinct phylogenetic origins, such as HIV-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). In carbohydrate microarra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 1, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Daniel P Otto, Melgardt M de Villiers
Oct 24, 2020·Glycobiology·Luís Cláudio Nascimento da SilvaMaria Tereza Dos Santos Correia
May 1, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Xiaohui ZhaoHongliang Wang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
glycosylation
ELISA
Fluorescence

Software Mentioned

SAS
- Genomics
ScanArray Express
JMP

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