Targeting the hypoxic response in bone tissue engineering: A balance between supply and consumption to improve bone regeneration

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Pieter-Jan StiersGeert Carmeliet

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering is a promising therapeutic alternative for bone grafting of large skeletal defects. It generally comprises an ex vivo engineered combination of a carrier structure, stem/progenitor cells and growth factors. However, the success of these regenerative implants largely depends on how well implanted cells will adapt to the hostile and hypoxic host environment they encounter after implantation. In this review, we will discuss how hypoxia signalling may be used to improve bone regeneration in a tissue-engineered construct. First, hypoxia signalling induces angiogenesis which increases the survival of the implanted cells as well as stimulates bone formation. Second, hypoxia signalling has also angiogenesis-independent effects on mesenchymal cells in vitro, offering exciting new possibilities to improve tissue-engineered bone regeneration in vivo. In addition, studies in other fields have shown that benefits of modulating hypoxia signalling include enhanced cell survival, proliferation and differentiation, culminating in a more potent regenerative implant. Finally, the stimulation of endochondral bone formation as a physiological pathway to circumvent the harmful effects of hypoxia will be briefly touched upon. ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 12, 2016·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Dirk VanderschuerenGeert Carmeliet
Jun 22, 2016·Trends in Biotechnology·Mazaher GholipourmalekabadiAlexander M Seifalian
Nov 5, 2016·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Qingqing YaoHongli Sun
Nov 20, 2018·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Pieter-Jan StiersGeert Carmeliet
Mar 31, 2021·Npj Regenerative Medicine·Andrea De PieriDimitrios I Zeugolis

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