Tartrazine and sunset yellow are xenoestrogens in a new screening assay to identify modulators of human oestrogen receptor transcriptional activity.

Toxicology
Andrew AxonMatthew C Wright

Abstract

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease of unknown cause that occurs most frequently in post-menopausal women. Since the female sex hormone oestrogen can be cholestatic, we hypothesised that PBC may be triggered in part by chronic exposure to xenoestrogens (which may be more active on a background of low endogenous oestrogen levels seen in post-menopausal women). A reporter gene construct employing a synthetic oestrogen response element predicted to specifically interact with oestrogen receptors (ER) was constructed. Co-transfection of this reporter into an ER null cell line with a variety of nuclear receptor expression constructs indicated that the reporter gene was trans-activated by ERα and ERβ, but not by the androgen, thyroid, progesterone, glucocorticoid or vitamin D receptors. Chemicals linked to PBC were then screened for xenoestrogen activity in the human ERα-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Using this assay, the coal-derived food and cosmetic colourings--sunset yellow and tartrazine--were identified as novel human ERα activators, activating the human ER with an EC(50%) concentration of 220 and 160 nM, respectively.

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Citations

Sep 26, 2015·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Petra AmchovaJana Ruda-Kucerova
Jun 16, 2015·Environment International·Ryoiti Kiyama, Yuko Wada-Kiyama
Dec 19, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ivona LhotskáDalibor Šatínský
Oct 24, 2019·Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets·Hina RashidSaeed Alshahrani
Feb 3, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Atefeh Nasri, Raimo Pohjanvirta
Jul 1, 2014·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Márcio CarochoIsabel C F R Ferreira
Apr 6, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Eva GijbelsMathieu Vinken
Jun 28, 2019·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Vânia Vilas-BoasMathieu Vinken

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