Task-evoked pupil dilation and BOLD variance as indicators of locus coeruleus dysfunction

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
Jeremy A ElmanWilliam S Kremen

Abstract

Pupillary responses during cognitive tasks are linked to functioning of the locus coeruleus (LC). The LC is an early site of abnormal tau deposition, which may contribute to key aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. We previously found attenuation of pupillary responses to increases in cognitive load in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), suggesting pupillary responses may provide a biomarker of early risk for AD associated with LC dysfunction. The LC modulates cortical activity through two modes of operation: tonic and phasic. Early LC damage has been predicted to result in a state of persistent high tonic LC activity that may disrupt task-related phasic activity. To further examine whether pupillary responses are associated with early LC dysfunction, we measured pupil dilation during a digit span task as a measure of phasic activity, and low frequency BOLD variance (LFBV) during resting-state fMRI in key nodes of the ventral attention network (VAN) as a measure of cortical reactivity related to LC tonic activity in 358 middle-aged men. Individuals with greater LFBV in VAN nodes, i.e., higher tonic brain activity at rest, showed a smaller increase in pupil dilation from low to moderate cognitive lo...Continue Reading

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Oct 18, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Mauro DiNuzzoFederico Giove
Sep 22, 2020·Brain and Neuroscience Advances·Laurel S MorrisJames W Murrough
Apr 26, 2018·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Melike KahyaHannes Devos
Oct 31, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Michael KelbermanDavid Weinshenker
Nov 21, 2020·Neurocritical Care·Jana GodauJulian Bösel
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Psychology·Dimitri van der LindenArnold B Bakker
Jun 9, 2021·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Mara Mather
Jun 25, 2021·Frontiers in Neural Circuits·Vincent Breton-ProvencherMriganka Sur

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