Teaching clinical reasoning through hypothetico-deduction is (slightly) better than self-explanation in tutorial groups: An experimental study

Perspectives on Medical Education
Ahmed Al RumayyanH G Schmidt

Abstract

Self-explanation while individually diagnosing clinical cases has proved to be an effective instructional approach for teaching clinical reasoning. The present study compared the effects on diagnostic performance of self-explanation in small groups with the more commonly used hypothetico-deductive approach. Second-year students from a six-year medical school in Saudi Arabia (39 males; 49 females) worked in small groups on seven clinical vignettes (four criterion cases representing cardiovascular diseases and three 'fillers', i.e. cases of other unrelated diagnoses). The students followed different approaches to work on each case depending on the experimental condition to which they had been randomly assigned. Under the self-explanation condition, students provided a diagnosis and a suitable pathophysiological explanation for the clinical findings whereas in the hypothetico-deduction condition students hypothesized about plausible diagnoses for signs and symptoms that were presented sequentially. One week later, all students diagnosed eight vignettes, four of which represented cardiovascular diseases. A mean diagnostic accuracy score (range: 0-1) was computed for the criterion cases. One-way ANOVA with experimental condition as ...Continue Reading

References

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Nov 28, 2013·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Sílvia MamedeHenk G Schmidt
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Sep 19, 2015·Medical Education·Henk G Schmidt, Sílvia Mamede
Jan 31, 2016·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Dalal A ALQahtaniHenk G Schmidt

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Citations

Feb 15, 2020·Perspectives on Medical Education·Arati Kelekar, Nelia Afonso
Nov 28, 2020·Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice·Henk G Schmidt, Silvia Mamede
Aug 11, 2020·Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners·Patricia B GriffithBette Mariani

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