Temperament and self-based correlates of cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning preferences

International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie
Małgorzata A GocłowskaAshraf Abdelaziz

Abstract

People vary in the extent to which they prefer cooperative, competitive or individualistic achievement tasks. In this research, we conducted two studies designed to investigate correlates and possible roots of these social interdependence orientations, namely approach and avoidance temperament, general self-efficacy, implicit theories of intelligence, and contingencies of self-worth based in others' approval, competition and academic competence. The results indicated that approach temperament, general self-efficacy and incremental theory were positively related, and entity theory was negatively related to cooperative preferences (|r| range from .11 to .41); approach temperament, general self-efficacy, competition contingencies and academic competence contingencies were positively related to competitive preferences (|r| range from .16 to .46); and avoidance temperament, entity theory, competitive contingencies and academic competence contingencies were positively related, and incremental theory was negatively related to individualistic preferences (|r| range from .09 to .15). The findings are discussed with regard to the meaning of each of the three social interdependence orientations, cultural differences among the observed rel...Continue Reading

References

Jan 5, 2002·Psychological Science·A J ElliotK M Sheldon
Nov 6, 2003·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·Jennifer CrockerAlexandra Bouvrette
Oct 13, 2006·Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin·Lara K Kammrath, Carol Dweck
Dec 29, 2006·Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs·David W Johnson, Roger T Johnson
Jun 25, 2010·Journal of Personality·Andrew J Elliot, Todd M Thrash
Nov 7, 2012·Journal of Personality·Daniela OertigAndrew J Elliot
May 29, 2015·Journal of Personality·Aaron C WeidmanAndrew J Elliot
Jan 26, 2016·International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie·Andrew J ElliotAber Khyat

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Citations

Jun 1, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Rachel M Korn, Andrew J Elliot
Apr 9, 2017·Journal of Personality·Andrew J ElliotKou Murayama

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