Temporal environmental hysteresis: A definition and implications for polybrominated diphenyl ethers

The Science of the Total Environment
Ronald A HitesMarta Venier

Abstract

We define here "temporal environmental hysteresis" as the time lag between when a pollutant's input to the environment stops and when its concentration in the environment drops to some desired fraction of its maximum concentration. The goal of this paper is to investigate temporal environmental hysteresis for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which were widely used as flame retardants in consumer goods. These compounds were taken off the North American market in two steps: At the end of 2004, the so-called Penta-BDE and Octa-BDE products were withdrawn, and at the end of 2013, the Deca-BDE product was also discontinued. We focus here on PBDE concentrations in about 700 atmospheric samples collected every 12 days from 2005 to 2018 (inclusive) at two urban sites: Chicago, Illinois, and Cleveland, Ohio. In Chicago, the concentrations of BDE-47 and 99 decreased by a factor of two every 5.9 ± 0.9 and 8.0 ± 1.4 years, respectively, but the concentrations of BDE-209 doubled every 7.6 ± 1.8 years. In Cleveland, the concentrations of BDE-47 and 99 decreased by a factor of two every 5.1 ± 0.4 and 5.7 ± 0.5 years, respectively, and the concentrations of BDE-209 decreased by a factor of two every 9.2 ± 1.6 years. The delay in all the...Continue Reading

References

Oct 12, 2001·Nature·M SchefferB Walker
Oct 26, 2005·Environmental Science & Technology·Michael Sander, Joseph J Pignatello
Sep 15, 2006·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. a·Jonathan D Raff, Ronald A Hites
Jan 30, 2009·Environmental Science & Technology·Marta Venier, Ronald A Hites
Feb 1, 2015·Archives of Toxicology·Victoria LinaresJosé L Domingo
Dec 17, 2015·Environmental Health Perspectives·Tenzing GyalpoKonrad Hungerbühler
Feb 21, 2018·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·Chubashini ShunthirasinghamHayley Hung
Sep 22, 2018·The Science of the Total Environment·Ronald A Hites, Thomas M Holsen
Feb 15, 2019·The Science of the Total Environment·Ronald A Hites
May 16, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Golnoush AbbasiKnut Breivik

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Citations

Feb 21, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Heather A LeslieJacob de Boer
Mar 24, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Shizhen ZhaoGan Zhang
Apr 8, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Terry F BidlemanLiisa Jantunen

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