Tensile force-induced cytoskeletal remodeling: Mechanics before chemistry.

PLoS Computational Biology
Xiaona LiYi Jiang

Abstract

Understanding cellular remodeling in response to mechanical stimuli is a critical step in elucidating mechanical activation of biochemical signaling pathways. Experimental evidence indicates that external stress-induced subcellular adaptation is accomplished through dynamic cytoskeletal reorganization. To study the interactions between subcellular structures involved in transducing mechanical signals, we combined experimental data and computational simulations to evaluate real-time mechanical adaptation of the actin cytoskeletal network. Actin cytoskeleton was imaged at the same time as an external tensile force was applied to live vascular smooth muscle cells using a fibronectin-functionalized atomic force microscope probe. Moreover, we performed computational simulations of active cytoskeletal networks under an external tensile force. The experimental data and simulation results suggest that mechanical structural adaptation occurs before chemical adaptation during filament bundle formation: actin filaments first align in the direction of the external force by initializing anisotropic filament orientations, then the chemical evolution of the network follows the anisotropic structures to further develop the bundle-like geometry...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 7, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Carlos FloydGaregin A Papoian

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques
AFM
confocal microscopy
Fluorescence
transfections
fluorescence imaging

Software Mentioned

Excel
Imaris
MATLAB
MEDYAN
Slidebook
NanoScope
MEDYAN ( MEchanochemical DYnamics of Active Network )
JOVE

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