Terminalia chebula Fructus Inhibits Migration and Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Production of Inflammatory Mediators in RAW 264.7

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM
Hyun-Ho LeeDong-Wook Kim

Abstract

Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and neointima formation after angioplasty involves vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) migration and proliferation followed by inflammatory responses mediated by recruited macrophages in the neointima. Terminalia chebula is widely used traditional medicine in Asia for its beneficial effects against cancer, diabetes, and bacterial infection. The study was designed to determine whether Terminalia chebula fructus water extract (TFW) suppresses VSMC migration and proliferation and inflammatory mediators production in macrophage (RAW 264.7). Our results showed that TFW possessed strong antioxidative effects in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and lipid peroxidation assays. In addition, TFW reduced nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Also, TFW inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) induced VSMC migration as determined by wound healing and Boyden chamber assays. The antimigratory effect of TFW was due to its inhibitory effect on metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, and Rho-family of small GTPases (Cdc42 and RhoA) expression in VSMCs. Furthe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 12, 2016·Scientifica·Keshav Raj PaudelDong-Wook Kim
Mar 19, 2016·Journal of Integrative Medicine·Keshav Raj PaudelDong-Wook Kim
Mar 30, 2016·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·Keshav Raj PaudelDong-Wook Kim
Jun 25, 2016·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Hyun-Ho LeeMin-Ho Oak
Sep 20, 2016·Journal of Integrative Medicine·Nisha PanthRajendra Karki
Oct 25, 2016·Advances in Medicine·Nisha PanthKalpana Parajuli
Jan 1, 2015·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Keshav Raj Paudel, Nisha Panth

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPases
protein assay
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

SPSS

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