Testicular tumors: what radiologists need to know--differential diagnosis, staging, and management

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
Courtney Coursey MorenoPardeep K Mittal

Abstract

Cryptorchidism, family history, and infertility are risk factors for testicular cancer. Most testicular cancers occur in young men aged 18-35 years, and seminoma is the most common cell type. Testicular tumors are usually diagnosed at ultrasonography (US) and are staged at computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. At US, testicular tumors usually appear as a solid intratesticular mass. Because the differential diagnosis includes infarct and infection, correlation with patient history and symptoms is important. At staging CT or MR imaging, retroperitoneal lymph nodes are considered regional lymph nodes, and the greatest nodal diameter is used to distinguish among N1-N3 disease. The right testicular vein drains into the inferior vena cava, and the left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein. Because of venous and lymphatic drainage pathways, retroperitoneal lymph nodes are the initial landing station for testicular cancers. Enlarged lymph nodes in the supraclavicular region, chest, and pelvis are considered distant metastases. Testicular cancer is initially treated with orchiectomy. The patient may then undergo active surveillance, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or retroperitoneal lymph node resectio...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1977·The Journal of Urology·V A Livolsi, M Schiff
Dec 1, 1992·Clinical Radiology·J A Guthrie, R C Fowler
Jun 1, 1992·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·D L BrownK R Loughlin
Jan 1, 1985·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·M D RifkinB B Goldberg
Jan 1, 1984·Acta Radiologica. Oncology·G Krag JacobsenM Vaeth
Mar 1, 1983·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·B A Carroll, D M Gross
Mar 1, 1995·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·D MazzuP W Ralls
Jan 1, 1997·European Radiology·B Hamm
Jul 24, 1997·The New England Journal of Medicine·G J Bosl, R J Motzer
Oct 6, 1997·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·H SchmidbergerW Haase
Jul 2, 1998·The Journal of Urology·F J Sampaio, L A Favorito
Dec 23, 1998·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·L CaginiU Pastorino
Dec 9, 2000·European Urology·K R LeiteL H Camara-Lopes
Apr 20, 2001·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·W W LamL Leong
Jan 18, 2002·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Paula J WoodwardDouglas E Green
Mar 21, 2002·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Lawrence H Einhorn
Nov 15, 2002·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Padraig WardeHans von der Maase
Mar 5, 2003·Radiology·Vikram S DograDeborah J Rubens
Mar 15, 2003·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Johannes ClassenMichael Bamberg
Aug 5, 2004·Journal of Clinical Ultrasound : JCU·Giuseppe CittadiniLorenzo E Derchi
Dec 17, 2004·Ultrasound Quarterly·Esma A AkinMichael C Hill
Mar 12, 2005·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Thomas M Ulbright
Apr 9, 2005·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Michael J GarnerDaniel Krewski
Sep 22, 2005·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Lois B TravisEthel S Gilbert
Jun 7, 2006·The Journal of Urology·Timothy M Powell, Thomas H Tarter
Sep 26, 2006·European Urology·Peter Albers
Apr 3, 2007·Abdominal Imaging·Yun Jung LimJi-Young Kim
Apr 5, 2007·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Sophie D FossåLois B Travis
May 9, 2007·The Urologic Clinics of North America·Toni K ChoueiriEric A Klein
Jul 24, 2007·Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology·R J GrollM A S Jewett
Oct 9, 2007·Current Opinion in Urology·Raymond A Costabile
Oct 27, 2007·Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology·Umberto VitoloEmanuele Zucca
Nov 22, 2007·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Athina C TsiliStavros C Efremidis
Feb 22, 2008·The Journal of Urology·Brian J DeCastroRaymond A Costabile

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 7, 2016·Radiologic Clinics of North America·Iván R Rohena-QuinquillaDarcy Wolfman
Aug 17, 2016·Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR·Joseph H YacoubSteven C Eberhardt
Apr 15, 2017·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Pardeep K MittalCourtney C Moreno
Jun 3, 2017·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Jamie MarkoIsabell A Sesterhenn
Aug 23, 2017·European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·Pierpaolo AlongiMaria Picchio
Oct 1, 2019·Nuclear Medicine Communications·Cigdem SoydalNuriye Ozlem Kucuk
Dec 17, 2019·Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·Vincent SchwarzeDirk-Andre Clevert
Feb 8, 2020·Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice : Official Publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners·Ozgur TanriverdiHayrettin Sahin
Nov 2, 2019·Abdominal Radiology·Aileen O'SheaMukesh G Harisinghani
Dec 12, 2019·Military Medicine·Benjamin H Baker, Erik T Grossgold
Sep 2, 2020·Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences·Martin NecasCecilia Barnard
Jun 24, 2017·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Weining MaAriadne Bach
May 28, 2019·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Kirti MagudiaMark M Hammer
Aug 27, 2019·Journal of Clinical Imaging Science·Pankaj NepalArpit Nagar
Mar 20, 2018·Abdominal Radiology·Subramaniyan Ramanathan, Vikram Dogra
May 28, 2019·BJR Case Reports·Kivraj Singh Sabarwal, Ehab Hanfy Mahmoud Ismail
Feb 12, 2021·Scientific Reports·Giacomo FelicianiGian Carlo Parenti
May 9, 2021·Andrology·Athina C TsiliLucia Manganaro
Jul 8, 2021·Insights Into Imaging·Omer OnderPeter F Hahn
Aug 23, 2021·Clinical Imaging·Christopher C ZarourLeslie S Allen
Sep 4, 2021·Ultrasound Quarterly·Margaret Houser, Nadia J Khati
Oct 1, 2021·Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health·Derya BakoMehmet M Utangac
Oct 2, 2021·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·Venkata S KatabathinaSrinivasa R Prasad

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cancer Imaging

Imaging techniques, including CT and MR, have become essential to tumor detection, diagnosis, and monitoring. Here is the latest research on cancer imaging.