Testing and Training of the Eggbeater Kick Movement in Water Polo: Applicability of a New Method

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
G MelchiorriM Bonifazi

Abstract

In water polo, many of the technical actions and the contacts with the opponent take place in quasi-vertical floating position using 2 types of lower limb actions: the eggbeater kick is used most often in fighting and passing and the breaststroke kick in jumping and throwing. The aim of this study was to identify a new system to evaluate and to train the eggbeater kick movement and to verify its applicability. Twenty amateur players and 22 elite players participated in the study. A jacket, homemade and easy to make, allowing the application of an overload submerged in water but not hindering breathing or mobility, was used. Standard anthropometry and a test consisting of different trials of the eggbeater kick action until exhaustion with an increasing overload (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15, and 17.5 kg) were collected. Time to exhaustion and the overload estimated maximum value (OEMV) at second 2 were determined for each load. Body weight, height, and lower limb muscle performance of the elite and nonelite players were significantly different from each other (p ≤ 0.05). The effectiveness of the different measured variables in both subgroups and that of the OEMV was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. ...Continue Reading

References

Dec 19, 1998·Sports Medicine·H K Smith
Dec 4, 2008·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Yoav MeckelAlon Eliakim
Dec 17, 2008·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Theodoros M Bampouras, Kelly Marrin
May 16, 2009·Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport·Lisa McCluskeyDiana Hopper
Jul 22, 2009·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Frankie H Y TanGregory Cox
Oct 23, 2009·Journal of Sports Sciences·Frankie TanBrian Dawson
Sep 17, 2010·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Giovanni MelchiorriMarco Bonifazi
Sep 10, 2011·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Tine SattlerEdvin Dervisevic
Nov 23, 2011·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Massimo GobbiFabio Gobbi

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Citations

Nov 15, 2016·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Jack Spittler, James Keeling

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