Testing the Possibility of Model-based Pavlovian Control of Attention to Threat

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Deborah TalmiMatthias J Wieser

Abstract

Signals for reward or punishment attract attention preferentially, a principle termed value-modulated attention capture (VMAC). The mechanisms that govern the allocation of attention can be described with a terminology that is more often applied to the control of overt behaviors, namely, the distinction between instrumental and Pavlovian control, and between model-free and model-based control. Although instrumental control of VMAC can be either model-free or model-based, it is not known whether Pavlovian control of VMAC can be model-based. To decide whether this is possible, we measured steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) while 20 healthy adults took part in a novel task. During the learning stage, participants underwent aversive threat conditioning with two conditioned stimuli (CSs): one that predicted pain (CS+) and one that predicted safety (CS-). Instructions given before the test stage allowed participants to infer whether novel, ambiguous CSs (new_CS+/new_CS-) were threatening or safe. Correct inference required combining stored internal representations and new propositional information, the hallmark of model-based control. SSVEP amplitudes quantified the amount of attention allocated to novel CSs on their very...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 20, 2020·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Matthias J Wieser, Andreas Keil

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
dissect

Software Mentioned

SPM12
Adobe Illustrator
MATLAB
Psych

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