TGF-β synergizes with defects in the Hippo pathway to stimulate human malignant mesothelioma growth.

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
Makiko FujiiYoshitaka Sekido

Abstract

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an incurable malignancy that is caused by exposure to asbestos and is accompanied by severe fibrosis. Because MM is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and clinical identification of early lesions is difficult, its molecular pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. Nearly 75% of MM cases have inactivating mutations in the NF2 (neurofibromatosis type 2; Merlin) gene or in downstream signaling molecules of the Hippo signaling cascade, which negatively regulates the transcription factor Yes-associated protein (YAP). In this study, we demonstrate a functional interaction between the Hippo and TGF-β pathways in regulating connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Expression of CTGF in MM cells was induced by the formation of a YAP-TEAD4-Smad3-p300 complex on the CTGF promoter. Knocking down CTGF expression in MM cells prolonged the survival of xenografted mice, and a significant association was seen between CTGF expression and extracellular matrix deposition in MM xenografts and in patient tissue specimens. We further suggest that CTGF may influence the malignancy of mesothelioma because of the different histological expression patterns observed in human MM tissues. These data suggest that CTG...Continue Reading

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May 17, 2013·Carcinogenesis·Yoshitaka Sekido
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
immunoprecipitation
transfection
immunoprecipitation assay
ChIP
PCR

Software Mentioned

StatView
ArrayExpress

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