The 55S mammalian mitochondrial ribosome and its tRNA-exit region

Biochimie
Prem S KaushalRajendra K Agrawal

Abstract

Mitochondria carry their own genetic material and gene-expression machinery, including ribosomes, which are responsible for synthesizing polypeptides that form essential components of the complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (or ATP generation) for the eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are quite divergent from cytoplasmic ribosomes in both composition and structure even as their main functional cores, such as the mRNA decoding and peptidyl transferase sites, are highly conserved. Remarkable progress has been made recently towards understanding the structure of mitoribosomes, by obtaining high-resolution cryo-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) maps. These studies confirm previous structural findings that had revealed that a significant reduction in size of ribosomal RNAs has caused topological changes in some of the functionally relevant regions, including the transfer RNA (tRNA)-binding sites and the nascent polypeptide-exit tunnel, within the structure of the mammalian mitoribosome. In addition, these studies provide unprecedented detailed views of the molecular architecture of those regions. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the structure of the mammalian mitoribosome...Continue Reading

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Nov 12, 2015·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Adina BreimanCarmela Giglione
Mar 30, 2016·Annual Review of Biochemistry·Basil J Greber, Nenad Ban
Sep 22, 2017·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Jodie M BoxRosemary A Stuart
Apr 10, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ravi K KoripellaRajendra K Agrawal
Nov 18, 2020·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sunil Shetty, Umesh Varshney
Jan 19, 2021·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sunil Shetty, Umesh Varshney

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