The 6-minute walk test as a new outcome measure in Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Muscle & Nerve
Craig M McDonaldLangdon L Miller

Abstract

Walking abnormalities are prominent in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We modified the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) for use as an outcome measure in patients with DMD and evaluated its performance in 21 ambulatory boys with DMD and 34 healthy boys, ages 4 to 12 years. Boys with DMD were tested twice, approximately 1 week apart; controls were tested once. The groups had similar age, height, and weight. All tests were completed. Boys who fell recovered rapidly from falls without injury. Mean +/- SD [range] 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was lower in boys with DMD than in controls (366 +/- 83 [125-481] m vs. 621 +/- 68 [479-754] m; P < 0.0001; unpaired t-test). Test-retest correlation for boys with DMD was high (r = 0.91). Stride length (R(2) = 0.89; P < 0.0001) was the major determinant of 6MWD for both boys with DMD and controls. A modified 6MWT is feasible and safe, documents disease-related limitations on ambulation, is reproducible, and offers a new outcome measure for DMD natural history and therapeutic trials.

References

Jun 15, 1989·The New England Journal of Medicine·J R MendellJ Florence
Feb 1, 1981·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·D H SutherlandP Schultz
Sep 1, 1995·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·C M McDonaldB J Sigford
Jan 1, 1996·Pediatric Neurology·B J BolandM D Silverstein
Apr 1, 1997·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·D A RedelmeierG H Guyatt
Aug 27, 1999·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·R Temple
Sep 29, 1999·Statistical Methods in Medical Research·J M Bland, D G Altman
Mar 22, 2002·The New England Journal of Medicine·Lewis J RubinGerald Simonneau
Jul 2, 2002·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·UNKNOWN ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories
Sep 11, 2002·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Francesco MuntoniDavid Abraham
Nov 1, 2002·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·Craig M McDonald
Jan 12, 2005·Archives of Neurology·Ernesto A C BeenakkerJohannes H Van der Hoeven
Feb 18, 2005·NeuroRx : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Russell Katz
Apr 14, 2005·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Craig M McDonaldDenise D Walsh
Apr 14, 2005·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Craig M McDonaldR Ted Abresch
Sep 6, 2005·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·Jan E Lexell, David Y Downham
Jun 21, 2006·Journal of Neurology·Sunil PradhanUttam Singh
Aug 17, 2006·Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics·Joseph MuenzerAlan Kimura
Oct 28, 2006·Muscle & Nerve·Jerry R MendellR Rodney Howell
Jan 27, 2007·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·V J HintonD C De Vivo
Mar 27, 2007·The Journal of Pediatrics·Ralf GeigerJoerg I Stein
Apr 28, 2007·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Albert M LiPak C Ng
Aug 7, 2007·Archives of Disease in Childhood·A E LammersS G Haworth
Sep 18, 2007·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Marie Kierkegaard, Anna Tollbäck
Jul 29, 2008·Gait & Posture·Maria Grazia D'AngeloNereo Bresolin

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 6, 2012·Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society·Joe N KornegayEric P Hoffman
Sep 26, 2012·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Sean C ForbesKrista Vandenborne
Apr 24, 2013·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Rebecca J FaircloughKay E Davies
Mar 25, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Nathalie M GoemansJudith C van Deutekom
Oct 15, 2013·Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases·Robin Lachmann, Benedikt Schoser
Jan 18, 2013·PloS One·Elena Stacy MazzoneEugenio Mercuri
Jun 16, 2014·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·Stefan SchwartzSeward B Rutkove
Nov 18, 2015·Annals of Neurology·Jerry R MendellUNKNOWN Eteplirsen Study Group and Telethon Foundation DMD Italian Network
Feb 27, 2016·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Sonia MessinaEugenio Mercuri
Jun 4, 2015·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yetrib HathoutLarry Gold
Jun 19, 2012·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Carole VuillerotUNKNOWN MFM Study Group
Dec 14, 2011·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Yvonne M KobayashiKevin P Campbell
Oct 1, 2010·Neuromuscular Disorders : NMD·Eugenio Mercuri, Elena Mazzone
Nov 3, 2010·Muscle & Nerve·Craig M McDonaldLangdon L Miller
Aug 2, 2013·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·Anna MayhewUNKNOWN Performance of the Upper Limb Working Group
Nov 22, 2012·Pediatric Pulmonology·Andréia C OliveiraTatiana Rozov
Jun 21, 2012·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·Elena S MazzoneEugenio Mercuri
Aug 3, 2013·Annals of Neurology·Jerry R MendellUNKNOWN Eteplirsen Study Group
Mar 6, 2013·Muscle & Nerve·Lindsay N AlfanoJerry R Mendell
Sep 29, 2011·Physiotherapy Research International : the Journal for Researchers and Clinicians in Physical Therapy·Elaine ScottUNKNOWN North Star Clinical Network for Paediatric Neuromuscular Disease
Nov 26, 2010·Muscle & Nerve·Jarrod A CallDawn A Lowe
Jul 22, 2014·Muscle & Nerve·Katharine BushbyUNKNOWN PTC124-GD-007-DMD STUDY GROUP
Apr 3, 2014·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Shigemi KimuraFumio Endo
Feb 24, 2015·Muscle & Nerve·Craig M ZaidmanUNKNOWN DART-EIM Clinical Evaluators Consortium*
Oct 13, 2015·European Journal of Paediatric Neurology : EJPN : Official Journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society·Katharina VillWolfgang Müller-Felber
Nov 30, 2010·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Mohammed SanjakBenjamin R Brooks
Jul 1, 2014·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Pınar KayaHaluk Topaloğlu

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.