The action of Russell's viper venom on fibrin formation and fibrinolysis in vivo

British Journal of Haematology
B J WoodhamsR A Hutton

Abstract

Envenoming by Russell's viper caused a marked rise in FPA, B beta 15-42 fragment and fibrin derived cross-linked D-dimer fragment indicative of a consumptive coagulopathy with hyperfibrinolysis. There was no increase in tPA or tPA-I levels post envenoming, which suggests that the increase in fibrinolytic activity was not due to venom-induced release of tPA from the vessel walls but may have been attributable to a direct effect of the venom or to a secondary physiological response to fibrin deposition. The effectiveness of the antivenom is demonstrated by its ability to prevent further cleavage of fibrinogen and the return to normal fibrinogen levels by 24 h. A secondary rise in FPA at this time indicates that the initial dose of antivenom may have been too small. The antivenom alone or in combination with the venom causes the release of tPA, tPA-I and vWF by the vessel walls. This may be a consequence of the severe anaphylactic reactions seen in some patients.

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Citations

Nov 1, 1989·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·D A Warrell
Jan 1, 1990·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·B J WoodhamsR A Hutton
Jan 1, 1991·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·A S KamigutiC R Hay
Dec 6, 2005·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Dong-Zong HungTzeng-Jih Lin
Apr 29, 1999·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·P RojnuckarinD Swasdikul
Jan 26, 2018·Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis : an International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis·Sébastien LarréchéChristophe Martinaud
Sep 11, 2002·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Dong-Zong HungShoei-Yn Lin-Shiau

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Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death.