Abstract
There are no data regarding the activity of clarithromycin's active metabolite, 14-hydroxy clarithromycin, against penicillin-intermediate, penicillin-resistant or erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Agar dilution MICs were determined for clarithromycin, 14-hydroxy clarithromycin (henceforth called 'metabolite'), azithromycin, erythromycin and clarithromycin/metabolite (2:1 and 1:1 ratio) against 24 penicillin-intermediate and 14 penicillin-resistant strains, including 13 erythromycin-resistant clinical strains and one ATCC strain of S. pneumoniae. The interaction between clarithromycin and its metabolite was determined using an agar chequerboard assay against all isolates, and time-kill tests were performed against five penicillin-intermediate (macrolide-susceptible) and five penicillin-resistant (two macrolide-resistant) strains of S. pneumoniae using all antibiotics alone at simulated peak serum concentrations, and clarithromycin/metabolite in a 2:1 ratio (physiological). MICs were as follows: clarithromycin, 0.008-->64 mg/L; metabolite, 0.015-->64 mg/L; erythromycin, 0.015-->64 mg/L; azithromycin, 0.125-->64 mg/L; clarithromycin/metabolite (1:1 and 2:1 combinations), 0.001-->64 mg/L. The MIC of the clarithromyc...Continue Reading
References
Jun 1, 1992·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·J P BédosJ J Pocidalo
Feb 1, 1991·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·M N LoganR Wise
Dec 1, 1991·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·J W GuH C Neu
Jul 1, 1991·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·R Leclercq, P Courvalin
Nov 1, 1990·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·R N JonesM S Barrett
Jan 1, 1990·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·J M BoyceC J O'Gara
Nov 1, 1988·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·D J HardyP B Fernandes
Aug 1, 1993·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·S ChuJ H Cavanaugh
Aug 1, 1996·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·J SutcliffeL Wondrack
Oct 1, 1996·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·V D ShortridgeS K Tanaka
Jun 1, 1997·Drugs·H D Langtry, R N Brogden
Oct 23, 1997·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·A Tait-KamradtJ Sutcliffe
Dec 24, 1997·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·S J MartinL H Danziger
May 23, 1998·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·G D Campbell, R Silberman
Sep 16, 1998·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·N J JohnstonD E Low
May 1, 1999·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·K L BergmanM E Rupp
Oct 3, 1999·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·P OsterG M Rossolini
Citations
Jul 4, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Friederike TraunmüllerChristian Joukhadar
May 6, 2009·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Khaled AbduljalilUwe Fuhr
May 16, 2002·Pharmacotherapy·Gary E Stein, Sharon Schooley
Oct 4, 2006·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Ariel Y WombleThomas W Vickroy
Dec 9, 2008·Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Naoki HasegawaAkitoshi Ishizaka
Nov 23, 2018·Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology·Martyn HowardAmin Rostami-Hodjegan
Jul 3, 2021·Foods·Bo WangKaizhou Xie