The adaptation of colorectal cancer cells when forming metastases in the liver: expression of associated genes and pathways in a mouse model

BMC Cancer
Derya BocukSarah Koenig

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men and women. Systemic disease with metastatic spread to distant sites such as the liver reduces the survival rate considerably. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in gene expression that occur on invasion and expansion of CRC cells when forming metastases in the liver. The livers of syngeneic C57BL/6NCrl mice were inoculated with 1 million CRC cells (CMT-93) via the portal vein, leading to the stable formation of metastases within 4 weeks. RNA sequencing performed on the Illumina platform was employed to evaluate the expression profiles of more than 14,000 genes, utilizing the RNA of the cell line cells and liver metastases as well as from corresponding tumour-free liver. A total of 3329 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified when cultured CMT-93 cells propagated as metastases in the liver. Hierarchical clustering on heat maps demonstrated the clear changes in gene expression of CMT-93 cells on propagation in the liver. Gene ontology analysis determined inflammation, angiogenesis, and signal transduction as the top three relevant biological processes involved. Using a selection list, matrix metallopeptidases 2, 7, a...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
RNA-seq
biopsies
Profiler
PCR
PCA
xenograft

Software Mentioned

STAR
EdgeR
R package topGO
R
fastqc
BaseCaller
CASAVA
Ensembl
R package EdgeR
- aligner

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