Abstract
Owing to the mechanics of anti-doping regulation via the World Anti-Doping Agency's Prohibited List, nutritional supplement use received little attention in comparison to the prevalence of doping. The aims of this study were to investigate supplement use, identify groups of athletes with high levels of supplement use and the prevalence of concomitant use of supplements. Survey data from 847 high-performing athletes in the UK were analysed using descriptive statistics. The survey, conducted by UK Sport, consisted of questions regarding knowledge of the prohibited substances, testing procedure, nutritional supplement use and perceptions of the doping problem. The proportion of supplement users and the relative use of each supplement were compared by age, gender and professional status. Among 874 high-performing athletes in the UK sample, 58.8% of them reported the use of at least one nutritional supplement. Among supplement users, 82.6% used more than one and 11.5% reported use of more than five nutritional supplements. Of the 9 supplements listed, multivitamins (72.6%) and vitamin C (70.7%) were used most, followed by creatine (36.1%), whey protein (31.7%), echinacea (30.9%), iron (29.9%) and caffeine (23.7%). Less than 11% repo...Continue Reading
References
Feb 12, 1999·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·O RonsenS Maehlum
Apr 7, 2000·Environmental Health Perspectives·G M Scelfo, A R Flegal
Apr 18, 2000·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine·L GoldbergJ Cheong
Jun 13, 2001·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·M KamberL Rivier
Jan 25, 2003·Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine·Brian Corrigan, Rymantas Kazlauskas
Jun 11, 2003·Neurology·K M PowersH Checkoway
Jan 20, 2004·Nutrition Journal·Anna E O Fisher, Declan P Naughton
Oct 1, 2005·Journal of Sports Sciences·R J Maughan
Jan 25, 2006·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·N BaumeM Saugy
Mar 22, 2006·The Journal of Adolescent Health : Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine·Susan M YussmanJonathan D Klein
May 11, 2006·European Journal of Epidemiology·Fotios C PapadopoulosUNKNOWN "Sports Injuries" European Union Group
May 12, 2006·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Dennis E Scofield, Scott Unruh
Jul 26, 2006·Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology·Giuseppe LippiGian Cesare Guidi
Sep 9, 2006·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Lars Wichstrøm
Mar 1, 2007·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Goran BjelakovicChristian Gluud
Mar 14, 2007·Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport·J MazanovA Holloway
May 31, 2007·Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology·Andrea Petróczi, Declan P Naughton
Oct 26, 2007·Nutrition Journal·Gladys BlockMark L Hudes
Nov 1, 2007·Nutrition Journal·Andrea PetrócziJerry Bingham
Mar 12, 2008·Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy·Andrea Petróczi, Eugene Aidman
May 3, 2008·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Martin Wiseman
Citations
Dec 17, 2008·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Andrea PetrócziMichael McNamee
Jul 1, 2010·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Andrea Petróczi, Declan P Naughton
Feb 8, 2011·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Anni HeikkinenTommi Vasankari
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Jelena RodekMiran Kondric
May 24, 2011·Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy·Andrea PetrócziDeclan P Naughton
Dec 18, 2013·Sports Medicine·Tom M McLellanHarris R Lieberman
Jan 18, 2014·Sports Medicine·Stefan M PasiakosTom M McLellan
Feb 10, 2010·Substance Use & Misuse·Miran KondricGordana Furjan Mandic
Jan 8, 2015·Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry·Hansang JungJongkyu Kim
Oct 8, 2015·Sports Medicine·Joseph J KnapikHarris R Lieberman
Jun 12, 2010·Pediatric Clinics of North America·Donald E Greydanus, Dilip R Patel
Sep 22, 2009·Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases·David S SenchinaM Ann Perera
Nov 10, 2009·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·J Suzic LazicS Suzic
Oct 13, 2011·Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy·Miran KondricZdenko Ostojic
Nov 23, 2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·A PetrocziD P Naughton
Aug 30, 2014·Sports Medicine·Stefan M PasiakosHarris R Lieberman
Feb 16, 2017·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Lee EddensGlyn Howatson
Jul 28, 2017·Nutrition & Dietetics : the Journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia·Gavin Whitehouse, Tanya Lawlis
Mar 28, 2018·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Ina Garthe, Ronald J Maughan
Sep 13, 2013·The Journal of Nutrition·Tom M McLellan
Jan 5, 2020·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·P JodraR Domínguez
Aug 24, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Ronan CoquetFabien Ohl
Dec 14, 2018·Frontiers in Nutrition·Andrew R JagimChad M Kerksick
Apr 9, 2020·Nutrients·Israel CaraballoAntonio J Sánchez-Oliver
Nov 5, 2020·Nutrients·Alejandro MuñozJuan Del Coso
Dec 31, 2020·Foods·Antonio Jesús Sánchez-OliverJuan José Ramos-Álvarez
Mar 7, 2021·Nutrients·Andrew R Jagim, Chad M Kerksick
May 13, 2021·BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation·Fernando MataAntonio J Sánchez-Oliver
Sep 29, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Wirnitzer KatharinaKnechtle Beat