The Age of Multidrug Resistance: Ten Year Incidence in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Acta Médica Portuguesa
Bruno SanchesAntónio Gomes

Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a medical challenge nowadays. The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria infections in a neonatal Intensive Care unit. Retrospective, descriptive, incidence study of infectious episodes by multidrug-resistant bacteria from 2008 to 2017 in a differentiated perinatal support unit. Sixty-four infectious episodes included (median gestational age of 28 weeks and birth weight of 885 g). The isolated bacteria were: Enterobacteriaceae (n = 46); Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12); Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 4); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 2). A risk factor was identified in 90.6% of the episodes, with emphasis on central catheter (89%) and previous antibiotic therapy (78%). The lethality rate of these infections was 10.9% (Unit mortality rate: 4.4%). The overall incidence rate was 3.2 infectious episodes/100 hospitalizations, corresponding to 1.7 episodes/1000 days of hospitalization. There were three infectious outbreaks, with an increasing impact of Enterobacteriaceae. The reported incidence rate reflects a risk population, hospitalized in an Intensive Care unit, over a long period of time. The distribution of is...Continue Reading

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