The anion gap (AG): studies in the nephrotic syndrome and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
Howard E Corey

Abstract

Although "unmeasured" anions contribute to metabolic acidosis in a variety of disease states, they are generally not measured directly but estimated from the calculation of "gaps." Among the most commonly used method, the anion gap (AG) is not only a function of "unmeasured" anions, but also it is a function of plasma non-carbonate buffers (albumin and phosphate), the plasma pH, and the method of measurement. To clarify the contribution of non-carbonate buffers to the AG, the Figge-Fencl-Waston model of human plasma was applied to laboratory values obtained from two novel populations, patients with nephrotic syndrome and patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The model performed adequately, justifying the common clinical practice of correcting the AG for the net protein charge.

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Citations

Mar 6, 2007·Critical Care Medicine·Arnaldo DubinElisa Estenssoro
May 10, 2008·Critical Care : the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum·Graciela TuhayArnaldo Dubin
Oct 9, 2014·The New England Journal of Medicine·Kenrick BerendRijk O B Gans
Nov 3, 2010·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Jianxin LuQing H Meng
Oct 18, 2015·Néphrologie & thérapeutique·Jan HavlinKarel Matousovic
Oct 25, 2016·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Horacio J Adrogué, Nicolaos E Madias
Aug 21, 2007·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Jeffrey A Kraut, Nicolaos E Madias
Jun 13, 2009·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Asghar Rastegar
Jan 11, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Ira KurtzMinhtri K Nguyen

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