The anti-epileptic drugs valproate, carbamazepine and levetiracetam cause bone loss and modulate Wnt inhibitors in normal and ovariectomised rats

Bone
Bushra ParveenDivya Vohora

Abstract

Secondary osteoporosis is the major concern associated with long term intake of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Women are the vulnerable targets owing to post-menopausal bone loss. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of 10 weeks of treatment with AED therapy (carbamazepine, CBZ, 75 mg/kg; sodium valproate, SVP, 300 mg/kg; levetiracetam, LTM, 150 mg/kg) on bone mineral density and microarchitecture at femoral epiphysis, lumbar vertebrae and proximal tibia of normal and ovariectomised Wistar rats. In addition, we measured serum levels of vitamin D, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa β-ligand (RANKL), procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and wnt inhibitors (sclerostin and DKK-1) following AED therapy. Micro-computed tomography analysis of bones revealed significant reduction in BMD at femur epiphysis and lumbar vertebrae with all the three AEDs evaluated. At proximal tibia, only CBZ showed a significant decline. The reduction in BMD was more pronounced in ovariectomised rats. AEDs also resulted in alteration of micro-CT parameters. These changes were accompanied by an increased serum RANKL with all AEDs while vitamin D levels were reduced only with CBZ treatment and P1NP levels were reduced with SVP and...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 5, 2019·Expert Opinion on Drug Safety·Barbara MiziakStanisław J Czuczwar
Feb 8, 2019·Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets·Bushra ParveenDivya Vohora
Apr 2, 2020·The Journal of International Medical Research·Xinyue ZhangLi Cui
Mar 21, 2020·Pharmacological Reports : PR·Sarah Seberg DiemarNiklas Rye Jørgensen
Jan 8, 2021·Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research·Ruotian ZhangZhou-Shan Tao

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