The Antibiotic Neomycin Enhances Coxsackievirus Plaque Formation

MSphere
Mikal A Woods AcevedoJulie K Pfeiffer

Abstract

Coxsackievirus typically infects humans via the gastrointestinal tract, which has a large number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the microbiota. To study how the intestinal microbiota influences enteric virus infection, several groups have used an antibiotic regimen in mice to deplete bacteria. These studies have shown that bacteria promote infection with several enteric viruses. However, very little is known about whether antibiotics influence viruses in a microbiota-independent manner. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of antibiotics on coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) using an in vitro cell culture model in the absence of bacteria. We determined that an aminoglycoside antibiotic, neomycin, enhanced the plaque size of CVB3 strain Nancy. Neomycin treatment did not alter viral attachment, translation, or replication. However, we found that the positive charge of neomycin and other positively charged compounds enhanced viral diffusion by overcoming the negative inhibitory effect of sulfated polysaccharides present in agar overlays. Neomycin and the positively charged compound protamine also enhanced plaque formation of reovirus. Overall, these data provide further evidence that antibiotics can play noncanon...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 13, 2019·Journal of Virology·Christopher M RobinsonJulie K Pfeiffer
May 23, 2021·Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials·Abdourahamane YacoubaIsmaeel Yunusa
Jun 1, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Mengling YangMingyi Zhao
Dec 18, 2020·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Andrew NishimotoHannah M Rowe

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