The association between malnutrition and childhood disability in low- and middle- income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
Maeve Hume-Nixon, Hannah Kuper

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between childhood disability and malnutrition in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Articles were identified from 1990 to August 2017 by searching nine electronic databases. Epidemiological studies, undertaken in LMICs that compared the prevalence of malnutrition in children with disabilities to children without disabilities were eligible for inclusion. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by two reviewers, and data were extracted using a structured table for eligible papers. Meta-analyses for the association between childhood disability and undernutrition were performed. The search generated 4678 results, from which 17 articles were eligible. Fifty-three per cent of these studies showed a positive association between childhood disability and undernutrition. Results varied when disaggregated by type of disability, with positive associations identified for 44% of studies focussed on neurodevelopmental disability, 60% of general disability studies and 67% of studies on hearing impairment. Only four studies were identified that considered overnutrition outcomes, and these showed variable results. Eighteen per cent of eligible studies were considered at low ri...Continue Reading

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