The asymmetric relationship between globalization, tourism, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in Turkey: implications for environmental policy making

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Gizem UzunerTaiwo Temitope Lasisi

Abstract

The current study examines the importance of asymmetric modelling of tourism-CO2 emissions relationship by incorporating real income per capita and the newly developed globalization index in a multivariate time series model between 1970 and 2014 for Turkey. We used a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model in analyzing the asymmetric cointegration association between the selected variables. Using Hatemi-J (2012) asymmetric causality testing method, we examined the asymmetric causal relationship among the variables. The empirical outcomes provide evidence for the existence of asymmetric long-run cointegration nexus among the variables. Asymmetric causality results show that both the positive and negative shock of tourism influence the CO2 emissions in the long-term, while in the short-term, only the negative shock of tourism contributes to CO2 emissions. Also discussed are the policy implications with regard to Turkey's environmental and economic policies.

References

Jun 18, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Glauco de VitaMehmet Mercan
Jun 28, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shah SaudSongsheng Chen
Aug 8, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Zefeng XuZahid Mahmood
Sep 9, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Abdul HaseebKashif Abbas
Nov 27, 2018·The Science of the Total Environment·Festus Victor BekunSamuel Asumadu Sarkodie
Jan 27, 2019·The Science of the Total Environment·Festus Victor BekunSamuel Asumadu Sarkodie
Jan 11, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Festus Fatai AdedoyinDaniel Balsalobre-Lorente
Apr 1, 2016·Economic Modelling·Thi Hong Van HoangDavid Heller

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Citations

Aug 28, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Andrew Adewale AlolaUju Violet Alola
Oct 30, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Usman Mehmood
Feb 21, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Andrew Adewale AlolaUju Violet Alola
Oct 2, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ugur Korkut Pata, Daniel Balsalobre-Lorente

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