Abstract
A case-control study was conducted in Belgrade (about 320,000 inhabitants 0-16 years old) during the period 1994-97, comprising 68 diabetic children (cases) and 68 controls chosen from the siblings of the cases. Analysis using multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated the following independent risk factors for Type 1 diabetes: higher birth order, infections during the 6 months preceding the onset of the disease and stressful events. Out of individual stressful and psychological factors, 'other' stressful events (severe accident or hospitalisation or death of a close friend, conflict with a teacher, death of a pet, failure in competition, quarrel between parents, punishment, physical attack, war in republics of former Yugoslavia and near drowning in the pool) and learning problems were independent risk factor for Type 1 diabetes. The results obtained in this study of siblings supports the hypothesis that environmental factors play a role in the development of Type 1 diabetes.
References
Mar 1, 1991·Diabetologia·L BlomG Dahlquist
Aug 1, 1991·Diabetologia·B HägglöfB Sahlin
Oct 1, 1991·Diabetologia·G DahlquistG Lönnberg
Feb 1, 1989·Endocrine Reviews·A BatemanS Solomon
Mar 1, 1989·Diabetes Care·J SiemiatyckiM M Belmonte
Jul 1, 1986·Diabetologia·I LagerU Smith
Jan 1, 1985·Journal of Chronic Diseases·B A O'MaraE Schoenfeld
Apr 1, 1966·Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry·J C Hirschberg
Aug 5, 1983·Science·M L LaudenslagerS F Maier
Dec 1, 1994·Diabetes Care·C F VergeM Silink
Jul 1, 1994·Acta Paediatrica·G SoltészG Dahlquist
Oct 1, 1996·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·A Green
Citations
Aug 4, 2010·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine·Marisa A D'AngeliBeth A Mueller
Jan 5, 2007·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Hui Peng, William Hagopian
Jul 19, 2013·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Mona BoazJulio Wainstein
May 29, 2010·BMC Public Health·Lynn Robertson, Kirsten Harrild
Feb 1, 2014·Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health·Graham A W RookCharles L Raison
Sep 9, 2008·Pediatric Diabetes·Kyriaki KaravanakiCatherine Dacou-Voutetakis
Dec 14, 2011·Pediatric Diabetes·Amnon ZungUNKNOWN Israel IDDM Registry Study Group
Jun 5, 2014·Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health·Sadia T IslamMaria E Craig
Jan 10, 2014·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·G A W RookC A Lowry
Apr 16, 2014·Brain Research·Graham A W RookCharles L Raison
Apr 15, 2015·Diabetologia·Maria NygrenAnneli Frostell
Apr 27, 2016·Current Diabetes Reports·Lindsay HuffhinesSusana R Patton
Oct 11, 2016·Seminars in Immunology·Fortunata CarboneGiuseppe Matarese
Jun 27, 2017·FEBS Letters·Paola de CandiaGiuseppe Matarese
Feb 8, 2018·International Journal of Epidemiology·Maria C MagnusLars C Stene
Oct 20, 2018·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Kassem SharifArnon Afek
Sep 30, 2020·Journal of Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction·Haiyan WangYanwei Guo
Dec 18, 2020·Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity : Targets and Therapy·Sonia ButaliaDoreen M Rabi