The Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Quinine Reduces Calorie Intake and Increases the Postprandial Release of Cholecystokinin in Healthy Subjects

Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
Paolo AndreozziRosario Cuomo

Abstract

Bitter taste receptors are expressed throughout the digestive tract. Data on animals have suggested these receptors are involved in the gut hormone release, but no data are available in humans. Our aim is to assess whether bitter agonists influence food intake and gut hormone release in healthy subjects. Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind cross-over study. On 2 different days, each subject randomly received an acid-resistant capsule containing either placebo or 18 mg of hydrochloride (HCl) quinine. After 60 minutes, all subjects were allowed to eat an ad libitum meal until satiated. Plasma samples were obtained during the experiment in order to evaluate cholecystokinin (CCK) and ghrelin levels. Each subject was screened to determine phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tasting status. Calorie intake was significantly lower when subjects received HCl quinine than placebo (514 ± 248 vs 596 ± 286 kcal; P = 0.007). Significantly higher CCK ΔT90 vs T0 and ΔT90 vs T60 were found when subjects received HCl quinine than placebo (0.70 ± 0.69 vs 0.10 ± 0.86 ng/mL, P = 0.026; 0.92 ± 0.75 vs 0.50 ± 0.55 ng/mL, P = 0.033, respectively). PTC tasters ingested a significantly lower amount of calories when they received HCl quinine ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 2, 2015·Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility·Hee Man Kim
Nov 11, 2016·The British Journal of Nutrition·Ilario MennellaPaola Vitaglione
Aug 5, 2017·Neurogastroenterology and Motility : the Official Journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society·E DelooseJ Tack
Aug 24, 2017·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Christina M HochkoglerVeronika Somoza
Nov 27, 2018·Physiological Reviews·Lindsey A Schier, Alan C Spector
Sep 15, 2017·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Luigi BarreaSilvia Savastano
Nov 28, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Vida BitarafanChristine Feinle-Bisset
Jun 12, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Alexandria TurnerEmma L Beckett
Aug 9, 2019·International Journal of Obesity Supplements·Giovanni SarnelliUNKNOWN Obesity Programs of nutrition, Education, Research and Assessment (OPERA) group
Dec 19, 2020·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Andrew J TaylorCharles Spence
Jan 11, 2021·Peptides·Carolina R Cawthon, Claire B de La Serre
May 25, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Wout VerbeureJan Tack

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
infrared spectroscopy
ELISA

Software Mentioned

MS Excel
PS
SPSS

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