The Bone-Vasculature Axis: Calcium Supplementation and the Role of Vitamin K

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Grzegorz B WasilewskiLeon J Schurgers

Abstract

Calcium supplements are broadly prescribed to treat osteoporosis either as monotherapy or together with vitamin D to enhance calcium absorption. It is still unclear whether calcium supplementation significantly contributes to the reduction of bone fragility and fracture risk. Data suggest that supplementing post-menopausal women with high doses of calcium has a detrimental impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are prone to vascular calcification in part due to impaired phosphate excretion. Calcium-based phosphate binders further increase risk of vascular calcification progression. In both bone and vascular tissue, vitamin K-dependent processes play an important role in calcium homeostasis and it is tempting to speculate that vitamin K supplementation might protect from the potentially untoward effects of calcium supplementation. This review provides an update on current literature on calcium supplementation among post-menopausal women and CKD patients and discusses underlying molecular mechanisms of vascular calcification. We propose therapeutic strategies with vitamin K2 treatment to prevent or hold progression of vascular calcification as a consequence of excessive calcium int...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 30, 2019·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Emma J AkersBelinda A Di Bartolo
Apr 18, 2020·Pharmacology Research & Perspectives·Mss WiriaEtienne Pouteau
Jun 25, 2020·Nutrients·Asim Cengiz AkbulutLeon Schurgers
Nov 12, 2020·Curēus·Abeer O ElshaikhIvan Cancarevic
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Asim Cengiz AkbulutLeon J Schurgers
Feb 22, 2021·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Alexandru FloreaFelix M Mottaghy
Mar 7, 2021·Nutrients·Zeyad KhalilHarbans Sharma
May 11, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Amin GasmiBeatrice Severin
Jul 27, 2021·Kidney International·Nadine KaeslerJürgen Floege
Aug 18, 2021·Cell & Bioscience·Xin ZhouHui-Ling Cao

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