The Burden of Hypoxic Respiratory Failure in Preterm and Term/Near-term Infants in the United States 2011-2015

Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research
Shivani PandyaLi Wang

Abstract

This study quantified the burden of hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF)/persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN) in preterm and term/near-term infants (T/NTs) by examining health care resource utilization (HRU) and charges in the United States. Preterms and T/NTs (≤34 and >34 weeks of gestation, respectively) having HRF/PPHN, with/without meconium aspiration in inpatient setting from January 1, 2011-October 31, 2015 were identified from the Vizient database (first hospitalization=index hospitalization). Comorbidities, treatments, HRU, and charges during index hospitalization were evaluated among preterms and T/NTs with HRF/PPHN. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate mortality-related factors. This retrospective study included 504 preterms and 414 T/NTs with HRF/PPHN. Preterms were more likely to have respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal jaundice, and anemia of prematurity than T/NTs. Preterms had significantly longer inpatient stays (54.1 vs 29.0 days), time in a neonatal intensive care unit (34.1 vs 17.5 days), time on ventilation (4.7 vs 2.2 days), and higher total hospitalization charges ($613 350 vs $422 558) (all P<0.001). Similar rates were observed for use of antibiotics (96.2% vs 95.4%), sildenafil (...Continue Reading

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