The cardiovascular and endocrine responses to voluntary and forced diving in trained and untrained rats.

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
Paul F McCullochTiffanny M Connolly

Abstract

The mammalian diving response, consisting of apnea, bradycardia, and increased total peripheral resistance, can be modified by conscious awareness, fear, and anticipation. We wondered whether swim and dive training in rats would 1) affect the magnitude of the cardiovascular responses during voluntary and forced diving, and 2) whether this training would reduce or eliminate any stress due to diving. Results indicate Sprague-Dawley rats have a substantial diving response. Immediately upon submersion, heart rate (HR) decreased by 78%, from 453 +/- 12 to 101 +/- 8 beats per minute (bpm), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased 25%, from 143 +/- 1 to 107 +/- 5 mmHg. Approximately 4.5 s after submergence, MAP had increased to a maximum 174 +/- 3 mmHg. Blood corticosterone levels indicate trained rats find diving no more stressful than being held by a human, while untrained rats find swimming and diving very stressful. Forced diving is stressful to both trained and untrained rats. The magnitude of bradycardia was similar during both voluntary and forced diving, while the increase in MAP was greater during forced diving. The diving response of laboratory rats, therefore, appears to be dissimilar from that of other animals, as most b...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1988·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. A, Comparative Physiology·U G SwainJ D Robinette
Jan 1, 1988·Physiology & Behavior·B H NatelsonW N Tapp
Jan 1, 1986·Physiology & Behavior·F BorsiniA Meli
Nov 1, 1971·Circulation Research·M N Levy
Oct 1, 1969·Journal of Applied Physiology·M N Levy, H Zieske
Aug 1, 1993·Physiology & Behavior·E L Abel
Feb 1, 1993·Physiology & Behavior·K KramerA Bast
Feb 1, 1997·Physiology & Behavior·B D YoungbloodR B Harris
Jul 1, 1997·Physiological Reviews·P J Butler, D R Jones
Aug 1, 1997·The American Journal of Physiology·P F McCullochN H West
Oct 31, 1998·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·F ClaracM Jamon
Mar 9, 1999·Physiological and Biochemical Zoology : PBZ·L T McPhail, D R Jones
Jul 29, 2000·Physiology & Behavior·P KelliherB E Leonard
Mar 20, 2001·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·G P OllenbergerN H West
Oct 31, 2002·Psychological Bulletin·Brian KnutsonJaak Panksepp
Apr 5, 2003·Physiology & Behavior·Thomas CampbellKelly Lambert
May 15, 2003·Physiological Genomics·Klaas Kramer, Lewis B Kinter
Aug 23, 2003·Brain Research·Paul F McCulloch, W Michael Panneton
Feb 11, 2004·Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis·Eric S MurphyJennifer J McComas
Mar 12, 2005·The Journal of Physiology·Kerry D WaltonNagi Hatoum
Nov 5, 2005·Brain Research. Brain Research Reviews·J F R PatonE Nalivaiko
Dec 23, 2006·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Julian F R PatonAnthony E Pickering

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 14, 2010·Journal of Applied Physiology·W Michael PannetonThomas E Dahms
Jun 26, 2010·Heart Failure Reviews·Mark W Chapleau, Rasna Sabharwal
Jul 28, 2010·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Nicolas VoituronGérard Hilaire
Sep 26, 2019·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Elissa M HultSteven J Swoap

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are slow heart rates. Symptoms may include syncope, dizziness, fatigure, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Find the latest research on bradyarrhythmias here.