The case series of functional adrenal tumors: Experience of two tertiary hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
L O MbouchéF F Angwafo

Abstract

Adrenal tumors are often found incidentally during abdominal imaging. Functioning adrenal tumors are less frequent than these incidentalomas discovered unexpectedly. We report treatment outcomes (major complications) of 7 cases of symptomatic adrenal masses from 2009 to 2019. Seven cases of functioning adrenal tumors: four adenomas presenting with Cushing's syndrome, two adrenal carcinomas, and one pheochromocytoma are described. The preoperative diagnoses were made through clinical manifestations, an increase in urinary free cortisol with normal ACTH, elevated metanephrine and enlarged masses on CT. The diagnoses were established on histopathology of adrenalectomy specimens. Adrenal insufficiency in two patients following surgery was corrected with corticoid replacement therapy. One patient died of hypovolemia the day of surgery and another from anaphylactic shock (allergy) late in the post-operative period. Pre, intra and post-operative complications from vascular instability often complicate surgery in functioning adrenal tumors. Adrenal adenomas manifest as Cushing's syndrome in 10-15 % of patients. They are the most common adrenal tumor although the diagnosis is most often coincidental to abdominal imaging. The incidence o...Continue Reading

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