The Cat Flea (Ctenocephalides felis) Immune Deficiency Signaling Pathway Regulates Rickettsia typhi Infection

Infection and Immunity
Sherri A RennollAbdu F Azad

Abstract

Rickettsia species are obligate intracellular bacteria with both conserved and lineage-specific strategies for invading and surviving within eukaryotic cells. One variable component ofRickettsiabiology involves arthropod vectors: for instance, typhus group rickettsiae are principally vectored by insects (i.e., lice and fleas), whereas spotted fever group rickettsiae are exclusively vectored by ticks. For flea-borneRickettsia typhi, the etiological agent of murine typhus, research on vertebrate host biology is facilitated using cell lines and animal models. However, due to the lack of any stable flea cell line or a published flea genome sequence, little is known regardingR. typhibiology in flea vectors that, importantly, do not suffer lethality due toR. typhiinfection. To address if fleas combat rickettsial infection, we characterized the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis) innate immune response toR. typhiInitially, we determined thatR. typhiinfectsDrosophilacells and increases antimicrobial peptide (AMP) gene expression, indicating immune pathway activation. While bioinformatics analysis of theC. felistranscriptome identified homologs to all of theDrosophilaimmune deficiency (IMD) and Toll pathway components, an AMP gene expressi...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1990·Annual Review of Entomology·A F Azad
Oct 1, 1990·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·J R AdamsA F Azad
Nov 1, 1983·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·A Farhang-AzadC L Wisseman
Nov 29, 1984·Journal of Medical Entomology·A Farhang-AzadC L Wisseman
Jul 1, 1997·Emerging Infectious Diseases·A F AzadJ M Troyer
Jun 11, 1998·Emerging Infectious Diseases·A F Azad, C B Beard
Mar 8, 2000·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·B T BeerntsenB M Christensen
Mar 17, 2001·Nature Reviews. Genetics·D Schneider
Jan 29, 2002·Nature Immunology·Jules A Hoffmann, Jean-Marc Reichhart
Apr 15, 2003·Nature Immunology·François LeulierBruno Lemaitre
Feb 8, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yiorgos ApidianakisLaurence G Rahme
Jan 5, 2007·Annual Review of Immunology·Bruno Lemaitre, Jules Hoffmann
Mar 8, 2007·PloS One·Joseph J GillespieAbdu F Azad
Apr 18, 2007·Molecular and Cellular Biology·Takahiro TanjiY Tony Ip
Jul 14, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·David H Walker
Aug 28, 2007·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Zhi-Mei LiuDavid O Wood
Feb 12, 2008·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Rachel Civen, Van Ngo
May 30, 2008·Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library·Jose de la FuenteDaniel E Sonenshine
Aug 12, 2008·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Thomas FlattNeal Silverman
Nov 28, 2008·Veterinary Research·Joseph J GillespieAbdu F Azad
Mar 12, 2009·Parasitology Research·N MenckeU Truyen
Jun 6, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Deniz Ertürk-HasdemirNeal Silverman
Mar 2, 2010·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Idir BitamDidier Raoult
Mar 26, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Emily K Shuman
Jan 7, 2011·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Susanna ValanneMika Rämet
Sep 6, 2011·Annual Review of Entomology·Rebecca J Eisen, Kenneth L Gage
Jan 5, 2012·PloS One·Nicole Y BurkhardtUlrike G Munderloh
Apr 25, 2012·PloS One·David O WoodUlrike G Munderloh
Jul 10, 2012·Journal of Bacteriology·Simran J KaurAbdu F Azad
Jan 18, 2014·Methods : a Companion to Methods in Enzymology·Lucy Cherbas, Lei Gong
Apr 8, 2014·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Henna MyllymäkiMika Rämet
May 6, 2014·Current Biology : CB·Kiri Louise TanWill Wood
Oct 11, 2014·Nucleic Acids Research·Ivica LetunicPeer Bork
Nov 8, 2014·Science·Bernhard MisofXin Zhou
Jul 15, 2015·Parasites & Vectors·Wayne K GreeneR C Andrew Thompson
Jun 24, 2016·Microbiology Spectrum·Tahar KernifPhilippe Parola
Jan 11, 2017·Biochemistry·Richard H G BaxterKathryn Krueger

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 29, 2019·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Alice N MainaAllen L Richards
Jun 25, 2021·Trends in Parasitology·Hanna J Laukaitis, Kevin R Macaluso
Jul 4, 2021·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Lisa D BrownJoshua D Gibson
Mar 27, 2021·Pathogens and Disease·Monika DanchenkoKevin R Macaluso

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GAYP02008970

Methods Mentioned

BETA
genetic modification
reverse transcription-PCR
PCR
transfection

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
RT 2 profiler PCR Array Data Analysis

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bacterial Pneumonia (ASM)

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.

Bacterial Pneumonia

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.